#!/bin/bash

# LUBUNTU USB CREATOR aka LUC (run as sudo only)
# Up to date version : https://doc.ubuntu-fr.org/tutoriel/lubuntu_usb_creator
# v1.4 lnj 22/04/2015

# USAGE : luc_onetouch_install.sh [DEV [ISO]]
# Where optional DEV is device disk (not a partition) and optional ISO an ISO file.

# Supported versions : https://doc.ubuntu-fr.org/tutoriel/lubuntu_usb_creator?do=edit&rev=0#plateformes_supportees

# History : 
#	- v1.4 lnj 22/04/2015 : adding needed dependency
#	- v1.3 lnj 15/04/2015 : adding needed dependency squashfs-tools  
#	- v1.2 lnj 12/04/2015

# Different links which help me :
# http://askubuntu.com/questions/397481/how-to-make-a-persistent-live-ubuntu-usb-with-more-than-4gb
# http://david.hautbois.free.fr/wordpress/index.php/175-how-to-customize-your-ubuntu-live-usb-stick
# http://day-to-day-stuff.blogspot.fr/2011/03/on-making-custom-ubuntu-bootable-usb.html
# more - boot process : https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/syslinux
# http://doc.ubuntu-fr.org/tutoriel/live_usb_install4
# http://www.linux.com/community/blogs/133-general-linux/420179-creating-a-debian-live-usb-flash-drive-with-persistence-for-non-techies
# https://help.ubuntu.com/community/USB%20Installation%20Media)


################################## CHOOSE HDD #####################################

# to retrieve parts and disks : http://www.labtestproject.com/using_linux/partition_hard_disk_using_fdisk_command_on_linux_fedora_system
# lsblk -o NAME,TYPE,FSTYPE,LABEL,SIZE,MOUNTPOINT


################################ STATIC SETTINGS ##################################

# ------------------------------- FUNCTIONAL --------------------------------------
# DEV : the DEV disk used to install Live USB (not part) ; can be given from $1 arg
#	See lsblk command above to determine the target disk
#	!!! Warning: DEV data will be permanently deleted (no possible return ) !!!
# ISO : ISO file location (only absolute paths is possible) ; i.e. '/ISO/tux.iso'
# ME : my short name user 
# ME_FULL : my full name user 
# NET_ADDRESS :	static IP address wanted in my network
#	!!! Becareful : possible IP conflict with other PC, especially DHCP scope !!!
# NET_NETMASK : my network mask
# NET_GATEWAY : the accessible gateway (i.e. to join the Internet)
# NET_DNS : an accessible DNS server to allow internet browsing and apt-get jobs too

DEV=/dev/sde
#	!!! Warning: DEV data will be permanently deleted (no possible return ) !!!
ISO='/ISO/lubuntu-14.10-desktop-i386.iso'
ME=user
ME_FULL='User'
NET_ADDRESS=192.168.0.3
NET_NETMASK=255.255.255.0
NET_GATEWAY=192.168.0.254
NET_DNS=8.8.8.8

# ------------------------------- PRE-CONFIGURED -----------------------------------
# USB_LABEL : partition 1 label [default : L_LUBUNTU (Live LUBUNTU)]
# USB_PART1_SIZE : size for the partition 1
#	[recommended : USB_PART1_SIZE=1G - for 1 GB, see man parted search unit]
# USB_PART2_SIZE : size for the partition 2
#	[recommended : USB_PART2_SIZE=100% - for all the remaining space] 
#	If we want a 3rd part or more, not give 100% or specify in absolute size
#	for example 10GB (see man parted and search unit)
# LIVE_USB_BOOT_MESSAGE : welcome boot message [dft : 'Lubuntu USB Live Persistant']
# LIVE_USB_BOOT_QUIET : 0/1 (0 => verbose/no splash, 1 => quiet with splash)
#	[default : 1]
# ME_DEFAULT_PASSWORD : my simple default password (change it for first logon)
#	!!! Becareful : password in clear, so give a temp simple password !!!
#	[default : lubuntu]
# EMBED_PACKETS : list of packets automatically installed at 1st boot
#	separate all packets by a space
#	i.e. EMBED_PACKETS='htop vim'
#	[default : '']
#	Nota : ssh is later included by default
# EMBED_VNC : 0/1 embed VNC for remote desktop (0 => no, 1 => yes)
#	http://adept1formatique.unblog.fr/2013/08/12/bureau-a-distance-avec-lubuntu/
#	[default : 1]
# UPDATE_OS : 0/1 update OS (take a while) (0 => no, 1 => yes)
#	[default : 1]
# INSTALL_APP_LANG : 0/1 install language for apps (take a while) (0 => no, 1 => yes)
#	[default : 1]

USB_LABEL=L_LUBUNTU
USB_PART1_SIZE=1G
USB_PART2_SIZE=100%
LIVE_USB_BOOT_MESSAGE='Lubuntu USB Live Persistant'
LIVE_USB_BOOT_QUIET=1
ME_DEFAULT_PASSWORD=lubuntu
#	!!! Becareful : password in clear, so give a temp simple password !!!
EMBED_PACKETS=''
EMBED_VNC=1
UPDATE_OS=1
INSTALL_APP_LANG=1


# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

# For future version
#
# DEFAULT_LIVE_USB_USER : default live session user
# NETWORK_MANAGER_ACTIVE : 0/1 indicate how to manage network (0 => ifup, 1 => NM)
#	[default : 0]
# LOCALE : embed locale for keyboard, live session boot and other stuff
#	[default : FR so 'locale=fr_FR.UTF-8 console-setup/layoutcode=fr'
# LANGUAGE_SUPPORT : make apps language with the right language support
#	[default : fr]
# DATE_TIME_ZONE : synchro Time Zone (http://askubuntu.com/a/594186)
#	[default : Europe/Paris]
# WAITING_REBOOT_TITLE : title to display in the terminal before reboot
#	[default : 'Patienter avant le redémarrage...']

DEFAULT_LIVE_USB_USER=lubuntu
NETWORK_MANAGER_ACTIVE=0
LOCALE='locale=fr_FR.UTF-8 console-setup/layoutcode=fr'
LANGUAGE_SUPPORT=fr
DATE_TIME_ZONE=Europe/Paris
WAITING_REBOOT_TITLE='Patienter avant le redémarrage...'

# Embed ssh to install
EMBED_PACKETS="ssh $EMBED_PACKETS"

# Embed VNC to install
if [ $EMBED_VNC -eq 1 ] ; then
	EMBED_PACKETS="$EMBED_PACKETS vino x11vnc"
fi

# Quiet or not
if [ $LIVE_USB_BOOT_QUIET -eq 1 ] ; then
	LIVE_USB_BOOT_QUIET='quiet splash'
else
	LIVE_USB_BOOT_QUIET=
fi

# Manage network with NM or ifup
if [ $NETWORK_MANAGER_ACTIVE -eq 1 ] ; then
	NETWORK_MANAGER_ACTIVE=
else
	NETWORK_MANAGER_ACTIVE='ip=frommedia'
fi

# Define customized colors : http://stackoverflow.com/a/5947802
C_red='\033[1;31m'
C_blue='\033[0;34m'
C_green='\033[0;32m'
C_yellow='\033[1;33m'
C_NC='\033[0m'

# Echoing all steps (usage : echof "..." [color])
# a=( "$@" ) ... ${a[1]} because ${$2} does not work (args to array)
# http://stackoverflow.com/a/18041780 + http://stackoverflow.com/a/12711837
function echof () { if [ "$2" ] ; then a=( "$@" ) ; echo -e "\n${a[1]}=> $1${C_NC}\n" ; else echo -e "\n${C_yellow}=> $1${C_NC}\n" ; fi }


############################## PROTECT DATA #############################

LUC_MNT=~/tmp/mnt

# If we give arg1 it will become DEV
if [ "$1" ] ; then
	DEV=$1
fi

# If we give arg2 it will become ISO
if [ "$2" ] ; then
	ISO="$2"
fi

# Get DISK part of DEV, so /dev/sde gives sde
DISK=`echo $DEV |sed "s/.*\/\([a-z]*\)$/\1/"`

# If DEV is not a real device disk
IS_DISK=`lsblk -o NAME,TYPE,FSTYPE,LABEL,SIZE,MOUNTPOINT |grep ^$DISK`
if [ ! "$IS_DISK" ] ; then
	echo "Error : $DEV is not a valid disk !"
	exit 1
fi

# If ISO file does not exist
if [ ! -f "$ISO" ] ; then
	echo "Error : $ISO ISO file does not exist !"
	exit 2
fi

# Infos about selected device
echo -e "\n${C_yellow}Block device of ${C_blue}$DEV${C_NC} :"
RES=`lsblk -o NAME,TYPE,FSTYPE,LABEL,SIZE,MOUNTPOINT |sed "1p;/$DISK/!d"`
echo -e "${C_green}$RES${C_NC}"

mkdir -p $LUC_MNT

# For each partition we display the partial content
for X in `echo $DEV`*
do
	if [ $X != $DEV ] ; then
		echo -e "\n${C_yellow}Partial content of ${C_blue}$X${C_NC} :"

		if [ "`mount |grep $X`" ] ; then
			FOLDER=`mount |grep $X |cut -f 3 -d " "`
			CONTENT=`ls -alF $FOLDER | head`
		else
			mount $X $LUC_MNT
			CONTENT=`ls -alF $LUC_MNT | head`
			umount -l $LUC_MNT
		fi

		echo -e "$CONTENT"
	fi
done

rmdir $LUC_MNT

# Confirm or not : http://stackoverflow.com/a/1885534
MSG="\n${C_red}You are about destroying all data from ${C_blue}$DEV${C_red}"
echo -e "$MSG (no return is possible) !${C_NC}"
read -p "Are you sure (y/[N]) ? " -r
echo

if [[ ! $REPLY =~ ^[y]$ ]]
then
	exit 0
fi

# do dangerous stuff
#echo Destroy en cours...


################################ PREPARE ################################

# LUC paths
LUC_PATH=~/luc
LUC_LIVEUSB_PATH=~/luc/liveusb
LUC_ISO_PATH=~/luc/iso
LUC_SQUASHFS_PATH=~/luc/squashfs
LUC_CUSTOM_SQUASHFS_PATH=~/luc/custom-squashfs

# Scripts and other stuff paths
SCRIPTS_PATH=$LUC_LIVEUSB_PATH/scripts
RUNME1ST_ROOT_PATH=scripts/runme1st_from_ext.sh
RUNME1ST_EXT_PATH=/cdrom/$RUNME1ST_ROOT_PATH
SYSLINUX_EXT_PATH=/cdrom/syslinux/syslinux.cfg
RESET_ROOT_PATH=scripts/reset.sh
RESET_EXT_PATH=/cdrom/$RESET_ROOT_PATH
RUNMELAST_PATH=/home/runmelast.sh

# Escaped string path
RUNME1ST_EXT_PATH_ESC=${RUNME1ST_EXT_PATH//\//\\\/}
RUNMELAST_PATH_ESC=${RUNMELAST_PATH//\//\\\/}

# debug : Start / End / exit to let start here and move end and exit
#:<<COM
#COM
#exit

echof "=== PREPARE LIVE USB ==="

echof "PREPARE > Download dependencies" 
apt-get install -y syslinux mtools parted squashfs-tools

echof "PREPARE > Unmount all" 
umount $DEV*
umount $LUC_ISO_PATH
umount $LUC_LIVEUSB_PATH
umount $LUC_SQUASHFS_PATH
rm -rf $LUC_PATH

echof "PREPARE > MBR + partitions"
# man parted : http://linux.die.net/man/8/parted
# sample : http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10519486/valid-arguments-for-parted
# 100% remaining space http://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic-t-586478-start-0.html
echof "PREPARE > MBR MS-DOS (force to change)"
parted "$DEV" mklabel -s "msdos"
msg="PREPARE > part1 FAT32, $USB_PART1_SIZE, format FAT32, label $USB_LABEL,"
echof "$msg flag boot + lba"
parted -a cylinder "$DEV" mkpart primary fat32 1 $USB_PART1_SIZE
mkfs.vfat -n "$USB_LABEL" -I "$DEV"1 -F 32
parted "$DEV" set 1 boot on
parted "$DEV" set 1 lba on
msg="PREPARE > part2 EXT4, $USB_PART2_SIZE remaining space, format EXT4,"
echof "$msg label 'casper-rw'"
parted -a cylinder "$DEV" mkpart primary ext4 $USB_PART1_SIZE $USB_PART2_SIZE
mkfs.ext4 -L 'casper-rw' "$DEV"2

echof "PREPARE > Live USB Building"

echof "PREPARE > Live USB Building > Prepare working dir skeleton"
rm -rf $LUC_PATH
mkdir $LUC_PATH
mkdir $LUC_LIVEUSB_PATH
mkdir $LUC_ISO_PATH
mkdir $LUC_SQUASHFS_PATH
mkdir $LUC_CUSTOM_SQUASHFS_PATH

echof "PREPARE > Live USB Building > Mount of USB device"
mount "$DEV"1 $LUC_LIVEUSB_PATH 

echof "PREPARE > Live USB Building > Mount of ISO file"
mount -o loop $ISO $LUC_ISO_PATH

echof "PREPARE > Live USB Building > Copy all file from ISO"
# 2 errors of symlink will occur, because we can not copy symlink in FAT32 FS
rsync -aPv --exclude 'filesystem.squashfs' $LUC_ISO_PATH/ $LUC_LIVEUSB_PATH/

echof "PREPARE > Live USB Building > Copy of squashfs filesystem"
rsync -aPv $LUC_ISO_PATH/casper/filesystem.squashfs $LUC_PATH/

# Rename isolinux folder is mandatory because SYSLINUX searches in /syslinux folder (http://www.syslinux.org/wiki/index.php/SYSLINUX#How_do_I_Configure_SYSLINUX.3F)
mv $LUC_LIVEUSB_PATH/isolinux/ $LUC_LIVEUSB_PATH/syslinux

echof "PREPARE > Live USB Building > Create boot configuration"
cat > "$LUC_LIVEUSB_PATH/syslinux/syslinux.cfg" <<EOT 
DEFAULT live
LABEL live
  SAY $LIVE_USB_BOOT_MESSAGE
  KERNEL /casper/vmlinuz
  ## casper config : http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/trusty/man7/casper.7.html
  ## - NETWORK_MANAGER_ACTIVE : indicate whether NM or ifup is used to manage network
  ##   	[default : ip=frommedia]
  ## - persistent : make persistent the "casper-rw" partition
  ## - LIVE_USB_BOOT_QUIET : display or not Lubuntu splash no verbose
  ##   	[default : quiet splash]
  ## - LOCALE : embed locale for keyboard, live session boot and other stuff
  ##   	[locale=fr_FR.UTF-8 console-setup/layoutcode=fr]
  APPEND noprompt $NETWORK_MANAGER_ACTIVE \
   persistent boot=casper initrd=/casper/initrd.lz \
   $LIVE_USB_BOOT_QUIET $LOCALE
EOT

# Files not used
rm $LUC_LIVEUSB_PATH/syslinux/isolinux.cfg

echof "PREPARE > Live USB Building > Make `echo $DEV`1 bootable"

# We must use gfxboot.c32 file's host (https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/usb-creator/+bug/1325801/comments/11)
rsync -aPv /usr/lib/syslinux/gfxboot.c32 $LUC_LIVEUSB_PATH/syslinux/

# Last step to make the USB bootable (`syslinux -i dev` run too)
syslinux "$DEV"1

################################ CUSTOMIZE ################################

echof "=== CUSTOMIZE LIVE USB ==="

echof "CUSTOMIZE > Extract SQUASHFS filesystem"
mount -t squashfs -o loop $LUC_PATH/filesystem.squashfs $LUC_SQUASHFS_PATH
rsync -aPv $LUC_SQUASHFS_PATH/ $LUC_CUSTOM_SQUASHFS_PATH/

echof "CUSTOMIZE > Adding auto-trigger script on reboot"
# Entry point to execute an external script and following the execution in a terminal
echo sudo lxterminal -t "'"$WAITING_REBOOT_TITLE"'" \
	-e "bash -c \"$RUNME1ST_EXT_PATH\" &" \
	>> $LUC_CUSTOM_SQUASHFS_PATH/etc/profile

# Folder in which we are storing external scripts of live system
mkdir $SCRIPTS_PATH

echof "CUSTOMIZE > Building off auto triggered script"
bash -c "cat > $LUC_LIVEUSB_PATH/$RUNME1ST_ROOT_PATH" <<EOF1
#!/bin/bash
## Hint : alter this file in Live USB context only

## PRE-CONFIGURED SWITCH VARS FROM PARENT
EMBED_VNC=$EMBED_VNC
UPDATE_OS=$UPDATE_OS
INSTALL_APP_LANG=$INSTALL_APP_LANG

## Modifying network configuration, auto-start in boot and apply changes
## nota : due to Network Manager removing, network will not auto-start
bash -c "cat > /etc/network/interfaces" <<EOF1_1
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

iface eth0 inet static
        address $NET_ADDRESS
        netmask $NET_NETMASK
        gateway $NET_GATEWAY
        dns-nameservers $NET_DNS
EOF1_1
sed -i ":a;N;s/\nexit 0/\n# Start network\nifup eth0\n&/;Ta" /etc/rc.local
ifdown eth0
ifup eth0

# Update is asked
if [ \$UPDATE_OS -eq 1 ] ; then
	apt-get -y update
fi

## Install SSH and other asked packets
apt-get -y install $EMBED_PACKETS

## All apps with LANGUAGE_SUPPORT is asked
## http://askubuntu.com/questions/149876/how-can-i-install-one-language-by-command-line
if [ \$INSTALL_APP_LANG -eq 1 ] ; then
	apt-get -y install \`check-language-support -l $LANGUAGE_SUPPORT\`
fi

## Date & Time Zone
timedatectl set-timezone $DATE_TIME_ZONE

## Add ME, join SUDOERS, AUTO LOGON and set DEFAULT PASSWORD
addgroup $ME
adduser --ingroup $ME --home /home/$ME --disabled-password -gecos "$ME_FULL" $ME
adduser $ME sudo
## Auto-logon : http://doc.ubuntu-fr.org/lightdm#connexion_automatique
sed -i "s/^\(autologin-user=\)$DEFAULT_LIVE_USB_USER$/\1$ME/g" \
	/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf
bash -c "echo $ME:$ME_DEFAULT_PASSWORD | /usr/sbin/chpasswd"

# Embed VNC stuff
if [ \$EMBED_VNC -eq 1 ] ; then

	# VNC : auto enable server desktop sharing
	# http://askubuntu.com/a/530196
	gsettings set org.gnome.Vino enabled true
	gsettings set org.gnome.Vino prompt-enabled false
	gsettings set org.gnome.Vino require-encryption false

bash -c "cat >> /home/$ME/.profile" <<EOF1_2

# VNC : Activate distant desktop sharing
# src : http://adept1formatique.unblog.fr/2013/08/12/bureau-a-distance-avec-lubuntu/
# nota : x11vnc indicates that running without password is dangerous ;
# so it recommends to creating a password file (x11vnc -storepasswd)
# repeat : allow repetitive keys
# remind too : ending '&' will run this command detached from process
x11vnc -rfbauth ~/.vnc/passwd -forever -repeat -display :0 &
EOF1_2

fi

## Useful aliases
bash -c "cat >> /home/$ME/.bashrc" <<EOF1_3

alias luc_edit_runme1st="sudo nano $RUNME1ST_EXT_PATH"
alias luc_edit_syslinux="sudo nano $SYSLINUX_EXT_PATH"
alias luc_reset="sudo $RESET_EXT_PATH"
EOF1_3

## Delete first trigger
sed -i "/^sudo lxterminal -t/d" /etc/profile

## Adding last trigger
sed -i ":a;N;s/\nexit 0/\n$RUNMELAST_PATH_ESC&/;Ta" /etc/rc.local

## Last actions in session ME
## warning : this script auto delete itself in the end
bash -c "cat > $RUNMELAST_PATH" <<EOF1_4
#!/bin/bash
### Hint : alter this file in Live USB context only

### Definitively remove $DEFAULT_LIVE_USB_USER user/group/home/sudoers/persistance
### nota : usermod -g ... temporarily move user into my group, so I can remove it
deluser $DEFAULT_LIVE_USB_USER
usermod -g $ME $DEFAULT_LIVE_USB_USER
delgroup $DEFAULT_LIVE_USB_USER
rm -rf /home/$DEFAULT_LIVE_USB_USER
sed -i "s/^$DEFAULT_LIVE_USB_USER/$ME/g" /etc/sudoers.d/casper
sed -i "/^$DEFAULT_LIVE_USB_USER:/d" /etc/passwd
sed -i "/^$DEFAULT_LIVE_USB_USER:/d" /etc/shadow

### Delete my RUNMELAST trigger
sed -i "/^$RUNMELAST_PATH_ESC/d" /etc/rc.local

### Delete me
rm -f \\\$0
EOF1_4

chmod +x $RUNMELAST_PATH

reboot
EOF1

chmod +x $LUC_LIVEUSB_PATH/$RUNME1ST_ROOT_PATH

echof "CUSTOMIZE > Building of 'reset all' script"
bash -c "cat > $LUC_LIVEUSB_PATH/$RESET_ROOT_PATH" <<EOF4
#!/bin/bash
## Empty casper-rw partition (impossible to retrieve data)
CASPER_RW_PATH=\`mount |grep casper-rw |cut -f 3 -d " "\`
rm -rf \$CASPER_RW_PATH/*
echo "System has been reset !"
echo "Warning : the system is now incomplete, "\
"you must reboot to resolve the problem"
echo "To reboot : sudo reboot + give password"
EOF4

chmod +x $LUC_LIVEUSB_PATH/$RESET_ROOT_PATH

echof "CUSTOMIZE > Restore SQUASHFS filesystem"
mksquashfs $LUC_CUSTOM_SQUASHFS_PATH \
	$LUC_LIVEUSB_PATH/casper/filesystem.squashfs -info


################################ FINALIZE ################################

echof "=== FINALIZE LIVE USB ==="

echof "FINALIZE > Unmount and cleaning"
umount $LUC_SQUASHFS_PATH
umount $LUC_LIVEUSB_PATH
umount $LUC_ISO_PATH
rm -rf $LUC_PATH
echof "~~~ SUCCESS ! YOUR LIVE USB IS READY TO RUN ! ~~~" $C_green
unset -f echof